The HSA

Purpose

Quick summary for me on how I should best utilize an HSA and why. Other's have already written about what an HSA is and the benefits of an HSA way better than I can (see the references), and I'd rather not regurgitate what they've said. Instead, I'll summarize the key lessons/tricks for me here, and resources I used to learn these lessons.

Disclaimer: This article is not financial or tax advice. It is a reference for myself, but may not be accurate as tax laws change. Please seek advice from a financial professional and/or do your research before making any decisions.

Prerequisites

  • An understanding of basic tax advantaged accounts like a traditional IRA and roth IRA
  • Ensure you meet the requirements to contribute to an HSA 1
  • Ensure you have a basic understanding of what an HSA account is 2 3

How to utilize an HSA

  • Prioritize putting savings/retirement money in an HSA above all other accounts since it's the most tax advantaged 3
  • Invest as much of the HSA funds as you can so they can grow tax free with compound interest 4
  • Don't withdraw any funds (even medical bills) from an HSA until you absolutely need to in retirement to maximize compound interest growth 6
  • Relating to the above, if you spend your HSA funds on non-medical expenses before age 65, you must pay a 20% penalty, but after age 65 the spending just counts as ordinary income, making an HSA the equivalent of a traditional IRA for non-medical expenses! 7
  • If you must pay for medical bills using HSA funds, first pay using your credit card, and then reimburse yourself afterwards so you can collect points 5

References

  1. Who can open an HSA
  2. HSA summary
  3. HSA Benefits
  4. Investing HSA Contributions
  5. Reimburse your HSA credit card expenses
  6. Don't spend HSA contributions
  7. HSA FAQs